定义: 副词是用来修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或整个句子的词，表达时间、地点、程度、方式等概念。

分类:

1) 时间和频度副词: now, then, often, always, usually, early, today, lately, next, last, already, generally, frequently, seldom, ever, never, yet, soon, too, immediately, hardly, finally, shortly, before, ago, sometimes, yesterday.

2) 地点副词: here, there, everywhere, anywhere, in, out, inside, outside, above, below, down, back, forward, home, upstairs, downstairs, across, along, round, around, near, off, past, up, away, on.

3) 方式副词: carefully, properly, anxiously, suddenly, normally, fast, well, calmly, politely, proudly, softly, warmly.

4) 程度副词: much, little, very, rather, so, too, still, quite, perfectly, enough, extremely, entirely, almost, slightly.

5) 疑问副词: how, when, where, why.

6) 关系副词: when, where, why.

7) 连接副词: how, when, where, why, whether.

用法: 副词在句中可以作为状语、表语或短语。

- He works hard. (他工作努力。)

- You speak English quite well. (你英语讲得很好。)

- Is she in? (她在吗？)

- Let's be out. (让我们出去吧。)

- Food here is hard to get. (这里的食物很难得到。)

位置:

1) 副词通常放在动词后面，如果动词带有宾语，副词则放在宾语后面。

- I get up early in the morning every day. (我每天早上都很早起床。)

2) 副词修饰形容词或副词时，副词放在前面，被修饰的词放在后面。

- It's rather easy, I can do it. (这相当容易，我能做到。)

3) 频度副词可以放在实义动词前面，情态动词和助动词后面。

- I often help him these days. (这些日子我经常帮助他。)

4) 疑问副词、连接副词、关系副词以及修饰整个句子的副词通常放在句子或从句前面。

- When do you study every day? (你每天什么时候学习？)

5) 时间副词和地点副词在一个句中，地点副词在前，时间副词在后。

- We went shopping in the supermarket at 9 o'clock yesterday. (昨天九点我们在超市购物。)

比较等级: 副词有比较级和最高级形式，通常与形容词的比较级形式相似。以-ly结尾的副词（除了early）需要用more和most来构成比较级和最高级。

- Harder ( harder ) / Hardest ( hardest )

- Fast ( faster ) / Fastest ( fastest )

- Early ( earlier ) / Earliest ( earliest )

- Warmly ( more warmly ) / Warmliest ( most warmly )

单音节副词的比较级在副词后加-er，最高级在副词后加-est。

- Near ( nearer ) / Nearest ( nearest )

- Hard ( harder ) / Hardest ( hardest )

多音节副词的比较级在副词前加-more，最高级在副词前加-most。

- Warmly ( more warmly ) / Warmliest ( most warmly )

有些副词的比较级和最高级形式是不规则的。

- Well ( better ) / Best ( best )

- Little ( less ) / Least ( least )

- Much ( more ) / Most ( most )

- Badly ( worse ) / Worst ( worst )

- Far ( farther / further ) / Furthest ( farthest )

副词的比较级和最高级用法与形容词的比较级用法基本相同。最高级形式中the可以省略。

- He works harder than I. (他比我工作努力。)

- Lucy gets up earlier than Lili. (露西比丽丽起床早。)

- He runs fastest in our class. (他在我们班跑得最快。)