英语中疑问句有哪些

职业培训 培训职业 2024-12-05
疑问句是问一些事情的,可分为:一般疑问句和特殊疑问句一、一般疑问句一般疑问句也可称为 “yes / no questions”,因这种问句通常用yes / no来回答,相当于汉语中的“……吗?”其语序是:系动词be / 助动词/ 情态动词+主语+其他成分?如:Are you from Japan?Yes I

疑问句是问一些事情的,可分为:一般疑问句和特殊疑问句

一、一般疑问句

一般疑问句也可称为 “yes / no questions”,因这种问句通常用yes / no来回答,相当于汉语中的“……吗?”其语序是:系动词be / 助动词/ 情态动词+主语+其他成分?如:

Are you from Japan?

Yes I am. / No I'm not.

Is her sister doing her homework now?

Yes she is. / No she isn't.

Does he work in a bank?

Yes he does. / No he doesn't.

Do you live near your school?

Yes I do. / No I don't.

Can you speak French?

Yes I can. / No I can't.

May I go home now?

Yes you may. / No you mustn't.

注意:

1.将陈述句变为一般疑问句时,如句中有be 动词(am is are …)时,可直接将它们提至主语前。如主语为第一人称,应将其改为第二人称。如:

I'm in Class 2Grade 1. →

Are you in Class 2Grade 1?

We're watching TV. →

Are you watching TV?

2.陈述句中有情态动词(can may must …)时,也可直接将它们提至主语前,即可成为一般疑问句。如:

He can swim now. →

Can he swim now?

The children may come with us. → May the children come with us?

3.陈述句中只有一个实义动词作谓语且其时态为一般现在时,变为一般疑问句时要在句首加do或does 主语后的实义动词用原形。如:

I like these animals. →

Do you like these animals?

She wants to go to the movies. → Does she want to go to the movies?

4.一般疑问句一般读升调(↑)

5.一般疑问句有时不用yes或 no 回答。如:

Are they in town now?

I think so.

May I sit here?

Certainly.

Does he like soccer?

Sorry I don't know.

二、特殊疑问句

以疑问词开头,对句中某一成分提问的句子叫特殊疑问句。常用的疑问词有:what who whose which when where how why等。

特殊疑问句有两种语序:

1.如疑问词作主语或主语的定语,即对主语或主语的定语提问,其语序是陈述句的语序:疑问词(+主语)+谓语动词+其他成分?如:

who is singing in the room?

whose bike is broken?

2.如疑问词作其他成分,即对其他成分提问,其语序是:疑问词+一般疑问句语序? 如:

what class are you in?

What does she look like?

Where are you from?

What time does he get up every morning?

How do you know?

注意:

1.回答特殊疑问句时,不能用yes / no,即问什么答什么,尤其是简略回答。如:

Who is from Canada?

Helen (is).

Where's the restaurant?

Near the station.

Why do you like koalas?

Because they are cute.

2.特殊疑问句一般读降调(↓)。

一般疑问句的结构有两种形式:一种是由be动词引导的疑问句。其结构是“be+主语+其它部分?”肯定回答用“Yes,主语+be.”,否定回答用“No,主语+be+not.”。be和not可用缩写形式。

—Is this your English book? 这是你的英语书吗?

—Yes,it is. 是的,它是。

—No,it isn`t. 不,它不是。

第二种形式是由助动词或情态动词引导,其结构是“助动词(情态动词can)+主语+动词原

形+其它部分?”肯定回答用“Yes,主语+情态动词(或do).”否定回答用“No,主语+情态动

词(或do)+not.”。情态动词或助动词也常用缩写形式。

—Can you spell your name? 你会拼写你的名字吗?

—Yes,I can. 是的,我会。

—No,I can`t.不,我不会。

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