引用数据（图表、表格）：

常用的动词：show, present, illustrate, summarize, demonstrate, contain, provide, list, report, give, reveal, display, indicate, suggest, describe, …

as从句：As shown in…/As can be seen in…/As revealed by…

引用/简述他人的研究/观点：

XXX + Verb. + n./that…其中Verb可以为：state, claim, argue, maintain, suggest, assert, hypothesize, conclude, describe, develop, propose, find, show, report, use, study, demonstrate, note, discuss, observe, explain, expand, publish, give, examine, analyze, focus, presume, speculate, assume, support, theorize, contend, recommend

其它：Based on…/In the view of…/According to…

表达可能性：

It is certain that …

It is almost certain that …

It is very probable/ highly likely that …

It is probable/likely that …

It is possible that …

It is unlikely that …

It is very/highly unlikely that …

用于表达可能性的另一种途径：

There is a definite possibility that …

There is a strong possibility that …

There is a good possibility that …

There is a slight possibility that …

There is little possibility that …