英语疑问句的三个特点是什么

职业培训 培训职业 2024-12-18
疑问句可分为:一般疑问句、特殊疑问句和反意疑问句。 一般疑问句是疑问句的一种。它是指用yes或no来回答的句子。其结构是: 系动词be/助动词/情态动词+主语+其他成分? 如: Is this your pen? Yes it is./No it isn't. 注意: 1.将陈述句变为一般疑问句时,如句中有be

疑问句可分为:一般疑问句、特殊疑问句和反意疑问句。

一般疑问句是疑问句的一种。它是指用yes或no来回答的句子。其结构是:

系动词be/助动词/情态动词+主语+其他成分?

如:

Is this your pen?

Yes it is./No it isn't.

注意:

1.将陈述句变为一般疑问句时,如句中有be 动词(am is are …)时,可直接将它们提至主语前。如主语为第一人称,应将其改为第二人称。如:

I'm in Class 2Grade 1. →

Are you in Class 2Grade 1?

We're watching TV. →

Are you watching TV?

2.陈述句中有情态动词(can may must …)时,也可直接将它们提至主语前,即可成为一般疑问句。如:

He can swim now. →

Can he swim now?

The children may come with us. → May the children come with us?

3.陈述句中只有一个实义动词作谓语且其时态为一般现在时,变为一般疑问句时要在句首加do或does 主语后的实义动词用原形。如:

I like these animals. →

Do you like these animals?

She wants to go to the movies. → Does she want to go to the movies?

4.一般疑问句一般读升调(↑)

5.一般疑问句有时不用yes或 no 回答。

Are they in town now?

I think so.

May I sit here?

Certainly.

Does he like soccer?

Sorry I don't know.

反意疑问句一般由/"陈述句+简略的一般疑问句/"构成,它主要有/"肯定陈述句+否定的简短问句(简称前肯后否)/"和/"否定陈述句+肯定的简短问句(简称前否后肯)/"两种结构。但在实际运用中,还有许多需要注意的情况,今天我们就来谈谈最常见的两种:

1. 当陈述部分有few, little, hardly, never等表示否定含义的词时,附加问句部分要用肯定形式。例如:

He will never forget his past, will he? 他决不会忘记他的过去,对吗?

There is no milk in the bottle, is there? 瓶子里没有牛奶了,是不是?

注:如果陈述部分的否定词是通过加词缀 (前缀或后缀) 构成的,那么,附加问句部分仍用否定形式。例如:

That girl is unhappy, isn/'t she? 那个女孩不高兴了,是不是?

The young man on the motorbike is too careless, isn/'t he? 摩托车上的那个年轻人太粗心了,对吧?

2. 当陈述部分是祈使句时,附加问句常用/"will you?/"也可用/"won/'t /would/can / can/'t you?/"等。例如:

Don/'t go to the park by bus, will you? 别乘公共汽车去公园,好吗?

Close all the windows, will you / won/'t you? 把所有的窗户都关上,好吗?

注:① let/'s 用于提出建议,包括听话人在内,其附加问句用/"shall we?/"例如:

Let/'s go to see the pandas first, shall we? 咱们首先去看熊猫,好吗?

② let us表示征求对方许可,其附加问句用/"will you?/"例如:

Let us wait until 5:00, will you? 让我们等到五点,好吗?

③ let后接第三人称时,附加问句用/"will you?/"例如:

Let him come in, will you? 让他进来,好吗?

特殊疑问句以疑问词开头,对句中某一成分提问的句子叫特殊疑问句。常用的疑问词有:what who whose which when where how why等。

特殊疑问句有两种语序:

1.如疑问词作主语或主语的定语,即对主语或主语的定语提问,其语序是陈述句的语序:疑问词(+主语)+谓语动词+其他成分?如:

who is singing in the room?

whose bike is broken?

2.如疑问词作其他成分,即对其他成分提问,其语序是:疑问词+一般疑问句语序? 如:

what class are you in?

What does she look like?

Where are you from?

What time does he get up every morning?

How do you know?

注意:

1.回答特殊疑问句时,不能用yes / no,即问什么答什么,尤其是简略回答。如:

Who is from Canada?

Helen (is).

Where's the restaurant?

Near the station.

Why do you like koalas?

Because they are cute.

2.特殊疑问句一般读降调(↓)。

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